Racer Ephedra delivers the ultimate buying guide for pre-workout supplements. The best pre-workout products are designed to optimize your exercise performance and deliver exceptional results. These supplements have gained immense popularity in recent years for their unique blend of ingredients, including caffeine, creatine, beta-alanine, amino acids, and nitric oxide agents. This guide reviews the benefits, safety implications, and performance outcomes associated with these powerful pre-workout supplements.
Multi-Ingredient Pre-Workout Supplements are specifically formulated to enhance your exercise routine. By combining multiple ingredients, we aim to unlock a synergistic effect that can significantly improve your acute exercise performance and subsequent training adaptations compared to single ingredient supplements.
Research suggests that the acute consumption of our multi-ingredient pre-workout supplements may positively influence muscular endurance and subjective mood. Users have reported increased stamina during workouts and an overall improvement in their exercise experience. While results vary when it comes to force and power production, our supplements consistently deliver on enhancing muscular endurance.
For those seeking long-term benefits, incorporating the best pre-workout products into a periodized resistance training program can lead to increased lean mass accretion and improved body composition. Researchers have seen remarkable changes in participants’ physique as they experience enhanced lean muscle growth over time.
Safety is our utmost priority. The top rated supplements undergo rigorous testing to ensure they meet the highest quality standards. While short-term studies have shown no significant safety concerns, we recommend athletes thoroughly investigate the ingredients present in any supplement before consumption. Some formulations on the market may contain banned substances either intentionally or unintentionally.
With pre-workout ingredients, you can expect enhanced exercise performance, improved endurance, and a boost in energy levels. Join the countless individuals who have experienced the benefits of our top-quality pre-workout supplements.
Best Pre-Workout Ingredients
Discover the common ingredient profiles of multi-ingredient pre-workout Supplements and unlock the secret to maximizing your exercise performance. With a wide array of options available, it can be challenging to compare and choose the right supplement. That’s why we’ve conducted an in-depth analysis of the top-selling pre-workout products to identify the key ingredients that drive results.
A recent study revealed that these supplements typically contain an impressive average of 18.4 ingredients per serving, with 8.1 of them included in a proprietary blend. While not all ingredient quantities were disclosed, researchers found a consistent pattern in the relative prevalence and average amounts of the top ingredients.
Beta-alanine takes center stage, present in a staggering 87% of these supplements, with an average dosage of 2.0 ± 0.8 g per serving. This powerful amino acid is known for its ability to enhance muscular endurance, helping you push through those last few reps and achieve new personal bests.
Caffeine, another superstar ingredient, makes an appearance in 86% of the products, delivering an average dose of 254.0 ± 79.5 mg per serving. Its energizing effects are well-documented, providing a much-needed boost to fuel your workouts and keep you focused.
Citrulline, a potent vasodilator, is found in 71% of these supplements at an average dosage of 4.0 ± 2.5 g per serving. By increasing blood flow to your muscles, it promotes better nutrient delivery and enhances your overall performance.
Other notable ingredients include Tyrosine (63%; 348.0 ± 305.7 mg), Taurine (51%; 1.3 ± 0.6 g), and Creatine (49%; 2.1 ± 1.0 g). Each of these ingredients plays a unique role in enhancing different aspects of your workout routine.
It’s important to note that almost half (44.3%) of the ingredients are part of proprietary blends with undisclosed amounts. While this may limit our ability to precisely evaluate their effectiveness, our findings provide valuable insights into the overall composition of these supplements.
The research also revealed that the average amount of beta-alanine falls below the recommended efficacious dose, while the caffeine content aligns with an effective relative dose for a 70 kg individual.
Unlock your full potential with multi-ingredient pre-workout supplements carefully crafted to optimize your exercise performance. With a comprehensive understanding of their common ingredient profiles, you can make an informed choice and take your workouts to new heights.
Top Ten Pre-Workout Supplements
Find the best pre-workout supplements sold at Racer Ephedra. These are the top rated and best reviewed products for increasing workout intensity and athletic performance.
Amphetamine-like Compounds in Pre-Workout Supplements
Many of the top pre-workout supplements contain amphetamine-like stimulant compounds. These sports performance products are often listed as intense, hardcore, or extreme. Understand the role strong stimulants play in workout supplements is important to making good decisions.
Designed for those who are serious about fitness, the pre-workout supplements (PWS) harness the power of stimulatory compounds derived from natural sources to enhance athletic performance. With less regulation compared to pharmaceuticals, our PWS are classified as complementary medicines by the Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) in Australia, guaranteeing their safety and efficacy.
Every serving of PWS are carefully formulated with a potent blend of ingredients, including caffeine, a central nervous system stimulant that provides an instant boost of energy. Combined with taurine, β-Alanine, and creatine, these compounds work synergistically to maximize your workout potential (Eudy et al., 2013).
The leading brands commitment to quality and safety is evident in the research-driven approach. They have developed two high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) protocols to quantify the amounts of adrenergic amines derived from Citrus aurantium extracts and caffeine in our PWS. These cutting-edge protocols utilize a single quadrupole mass detector (QDa) alongside UV-Vis detection on a reverse phase-HPLC system for accurate quantification (Haller et al., 2002).
Rest assured that the best PWS comply with regulatory limits set by the TGA. The levels of synephrine, derived from Citrus aurantium extracts, in both locally-made and overseas-made PWS adhere to the TGA’s limit of 30 mg per serving. To determine any differences between locally and overseas-made PWS, further research with a larger sample size is necessary (Eudy et al., 2013).
Surprisingly, research findings also revealed significant variability in the caffeine levels found in both locally and overseas-made PWS compared to their labeled quantities. However, contrary to popular belief, overseas-made PWS did not contain higher levels of caffeine (Haller et al., 2002). This highlights the importance of transparency in labeling and accurate quantification methods.
Intriguingly, a recent study also led to the development of a method capable of resolving isobaric isomers TP and PX. Furthermore, they detected small amounts of PX in one overseas supplement. When compounds are present as a “proprietary blend,” accurately comparing key ingredient quantities becomes challenging. Future research utilizing HILIC and mass detectors could enhance these quantification methods’ sensitivity.
Unleash your potential with the best amphetamine-like compounds in pre-workout supplements. Experience unrivaled energy, focus, and performance like never before. Elevate your training regimen with confidence and achieve your fitness goals faster than ever imagined.
Top Ten Strongest Pre-Workout Supplements
The Top Ten Strongest Pre-Workout Supplements contain a variety of different active compounds. The key similarity is that all are strong stimulant products. Many contain CNS natural versions of DMHA.
Strong Pre-Workout Information and Reviews
Discover the benefits of increased energy, improved focus, and enhanced endurance. Find the best deals and reviews on the most potent formulas.
Are you ready to take your workouts to the next level? Look no further than Psycho Pharma Edge of Insanity Pre Workout. Elevate your fitness routine with this powerful pre-workout supplement.
Harnessing the power of DMHA, this supplement enhances performance and aids in weight loss. With its ability to increase dopamine and norepinephrine levels, DMHA delivers a euphoric feeling and curbs appetite.
Buying Most Popular Pre-Workout Supplements
Just because a pre-workout supplement is heavily searched online doesn’t necessarily make it the best. Keeping this in mind the top searched product are often searched for a reason. Many times the most popular pre-training nutritionals are more about the top companies marketing than just pure results. The following some of the most popular products and the prices to buy at Racer Ephedra.
- Loaded Pre Workout by Ryse – $37.75
- Total War – $33.75
- Abe Pre Workout – $38.99
- Gorilla Mode – Buy 2 for $42.50 each
- Convict Pre Workout – $39.75
Pre Workout Brands Coupon Codes and Discount Prices
Racer Ephedra continually offers pre workout supplements at discount prices. Many of the coupon codes are brand specific. This allows the sales to be across the brands entire line of dietary supplements. Also, it is important for the best prices to follow Racer Ephedra on social media as coupon codes are posted on a regular basis.
Best Brands Coupon Codes and Reviews
Unlock exclusive savings with Hi Tech Pharmaceuticals Coupon Codes! Enhance your performance and achieve your fitness goals with Hi Tech Pharmaceuticals’ innovative and well-researched supplements.
Looking for Blackstone Labs coupon codes? Save big on hardcore supplements like Dust X and Arson. Get unbiased reviews, manufacturing insights, and customer feedback.
Unlock your fitness potential with Innovative Labs Coupon. From the energizing Black Mamba Hyperrush to the muscle-sculpting power of Helladrol, Hellfire, and Monster Plexx.
Looking for Ryse Supplements Coupon Codes? Discover a wide range of fitness supplements, including pre-workout formulas, muscle builders, fat burners, testosterone boosters, and estrogen blockers.
With a commitment to excellence and cutting-edge research, Psycho Pharma stands out in the competitive market. Find product reviews, exclusive coupons, and discounts to fuel your journey towards peak performance.
Best Nootropic Pre Workout Edge of Insanity
Introducing Edge of Insanity the best nootropic pre workout, the ultimate companion to take your workout experience to new heights. Are you ready to unleash your full potential? Let’s review what makes this pre-workout a game-changer.
Nootropic ingredients deliver a zen energy! The formula contains 1,000mg of GABA, a naturally occurring amino acid that brings even more benefits. Not only does GABA reduce stress and anxiety, but it also promotes lean muscle mass, increased endurance, and relief from pain and soreness.
Achieve a euphoric state of mind and clarity that turns every workout into a triumph. We’ve included GABA, a neurotransmitter that promotes mental balance and invigoration. Experience the feeling of being in complete harmony as you crush your fitness goals.
Say goodbye to those mid-workout crashes. Our unique blend of Caffeine and Infinergy provides you with a rapid surge of energy that lasts. You’ll feel invigorated, powered up, and ready to conquer any challenge that comes your way.
Get laser-sharp and stay locked in on your goals with Edge of Insanity. Thanks to powerful ingredients like Yohimbine and Alpha Yohimbine, your adrenaline levels will skyrocket, allowing you to stay completely focused throughout your entire workout.
Prepare yourself for skin-splitting pumps and unrivaled endurance. With the help of L-Citrulline and Beta Alanine, every rep will count towards reaching new limits. Feel the rush as your muscles swell with power and experience the ability to push beyond what you thought was possible.
So why settle for an average workout when you can have an extraordinary one? With Edge of Insanity, you’ll redefine what’s possible in the gym. Get ready to go beyond insanity.
Pre Workout Supplements Containing Nootropics
| BZRK OverDrive | BZRK Psychoactive Waves | Dust X |
| Edge of Insanity | Gorilla Mode | Illicit |
| Psychic Warfare | Psychotic | Villain |
Nootropic Ingredients News and Reviews
Push your limits and stay locked in with this comprehensive formula designed to enhance both your physical and mental performance.
Discover the science behind this game-changing supplement that optimizes athletic performance. Boost focus, testosterone levels, and growth hormone production for incredible results.
Best DMHA Pre Workout Jack3D
Are you tired of wasting your hard-earned money on pre-workout supplements that just don’t deliver? Look no further – USPLabs Jack3d the best DMHA pre workout is here to revolutionize your workouts. This intense powder pre-workout is designed specifically for hardcore training sessions, ensuring you get the results you’ve been striving for.
With Jack3d, you can expect crazy energy, tunnel focus, and bursting pumps. This powerhouse formula is well-known and highly appreciated by bodybuilders worldwide for its unmatched potency. In fact, you only need a single 4.15g scoop to experience its incredible effects.
Say goodbye to average or lackluster workouts caused by tolerance build-up with other pre-workout drinks. Jack3d provides an energy boost so potent that it pushes your boundaries, making every workout your best one yet.
One of the most remarkable aspects of Jack3d is its simplicity. It’s free of spacious fillers that add unnecessary calories and carbs. USPLabs has carefully selected proven ingredients to create a formula that eliminates useless fillers while delivering maximum benefits.
At first glance, the container may seem small, but don’t be fooled. Inside, you’ll find a powerful mix of research-backed ingredients like Arginine Alpha-ketoglutarate, Creatine Monohydrate, Beta Alanine, Caffeine, Geranium Extract, DMHA, and Schizandrol A. We believe in sticking to what works and avoiding unnecessary fillers that only drive up the price.
USPLabs Jack3d Best DMHA Pre Workout is the real deal – no imitators can compare. Get ready to train harder than ever before and achieve the results you’ve always wanted with this revolutionary pre-workout supplement. Don’t settle for less when you can have the best!
Pre Workout Supplements Containing DMHA
DMHA Ingredient Information and Reviews
Is DMHA or DMAA stronger? A comparative study delving into the effectiveness, benefits, and safety of these pre-workout stimulants.
Discover the truth about DMHA supplements. Uncover potential long-term side effects and safety concerns associated with this popular ingredient.
Best Ephedra Pre Workout Ultimate Orange
Introducing Ultimate Orange the best ephedra pre workout – the legendary pre-workout powder that’s back and better than ever! This is a high intensity stimulant supplement. Get ready to experience explosive power, increased muscle mass, perfect focus, and blistering energy. With Ultimate Orange, you’ll take your workouts to new heights.
In 1982, Ultimate Orange revolutionized the sports supplements industry with its funky can and bold colors. Athletes from all backgrounds knew that this product held something special – unheard-of strength, size, energy, and laser focus. And now, the Original Pre-Workout Intensifier is making a comeback! Packed with more explosive power than ever before, Ultimate Orange combines the strength of Ephedra and DMHA in one delicious product.
When you crack open the retro-branded 16oz Ultimate Orange container and mix your first drink, get ready for a massive surge of energy to flow through your veins within minutes. Each serving of Ultimate Orange is a potent blend of QuadraCarb, Taurine, DMHA, Ephedra, and Caffeine. But Hi-Tech didn’t stop there – they also added Focus-In with L-Tyrosine to provide the mental focus needed to blast through sticking points and workout barriers. And for effective muscle recovery, they included 13g of America’s #1 selling protein – HydroPro Whey.
Don’t waste your time and money on pre workouts that fail to deliver. Ultimate Orange – The Original Pre-Workout Intensifier is back and available now! Experience the explosive power that athletes have trusted for years. Get ready to take your workouts to the next level with Ultimate Orange.
Ephedra Pre Workout Information and Reviews
Boost your energy, enhance focus, and improve endurance with this powerful supplement. Say goodbye to mediocre workouts and take your fitness journey to the next level.
Pre Workout Performance with Caffeine
Elevate your fitness game with the ultimate pre-workout supplement designed to enhance both aerobic and anaerobic performance. Packed with a powerful blend of caffeine, creatine, and amino acids, this scientifically-backed formula is proven to boost your results during high-intensity interval training (HIIT).
Key Features & Benefits:
- Enhanced Aerobic Capacity: Experience a significant 10.3% increase in VO2max, enabling you to go the extra mile in your workouts.
- Improved Anaerobic Performance: With a 2.9% boost in critical velocity (CV) and a 10.6% increase in anaerobic running capacity (ARC), you’ll power through high-speed runs and intense training sessions.
- Increased Training Volume: Achieve 11.6% higher training volumes compared to placebo, maximizing your exercise efficiency.
- Optimized Body Composition: Noticeable reductions in body fat percentage and an increase in lean body mass (LBM) ensure you’re building strength while shedding excess weight.
Product Specifications:
The supplement, in a recent clinical trial, contains 18g of powder per serving, delivering 40 kcals. The proprietary blend includes whey protein, cordyceps sinensis, creatine, citrulline, ginseng, and caffeine. Simply mix with 8-10 oz of water and consume 30 minutes before your training session for optimal results.
Scientific Validation:
A randomized, single-blinded, placebo-controlled study involved 24 moderately-trained recreational athletes who undertook a three-week HIIT program. The results were clear – those using our pre-workout supplement showed significant improvements in VO2max, CV, ARC, and LBM compared to those on the placebo.
Visualize Your Success:
Imagine yourself surpassing limits on the treadmill or track, fueled by enhanced endurance and power. Top rated supplement not only supports peak physical performance but also contributes to favorable changes in body composition.
Take your training to new heights with caffeine based elite pre-workout supplement – your secret weapon for conquering high-intensity challenges and achieving unparalleled athletic performance.
Best Caffeine Pre Workout Dust X
Heading into the gym, your focus should be on one thing only — the complete and utter destruction of your workout. To achieve that, you need a pre-workout that fuels your mind and muscles with the strongest stimulants and best endurance ingredients. You need Dust X the best caffeine pre workout!
The King of Stimulants with 350mg Caffeine! Dust X is the single most powerful and explosive pre-workout ever formulated. Each scoop delivers intense, long-lasting energy and laser-sharp focus, ensuring you dominate every workout session.
Ingredients That Make a Difference:
- Citrulline Malate 2:1 (4g): Elevates nitric oxide production, enhancing blood flow and nutrient transport for skin-tearing pumps.
- Beta Alanine (2.5g): Reduces fatigue and increases endurance by improving lactic acid removal.
- Agmatine Sulfate (1g): Promotes dense, long-lasting pumps by inhibiting arginase, working in synergy with Citrulline Malate.
- L-Tyrosine (1g): Boosts neurotransmitter production to enhance focus and reduce stress.
- Dimethylaminoethanol (750mg): Improves memory and heightens focus for a superior mind-muscle connection.
- Phenylethylamine (500mg): Acts as a CNS stimulant to boost mood and overall well-being.
- Caffeine Anhydrous (350mg): Provides an immediate kick for greater energy and motivation.
- 2-aminoisoheptane (150mg): Delivers intense energy, focus, and relentless drive.
- Higenamine (75mg): Enhances fat burning by increasing noradrenaline production.
- Huperzine A (300mcg): Increases acetylcholine production for prolonged focus and alertness.
Directions: Mix one scoop in 8-10 oz. of water 30 minutes before your workout or first thing in the morning on non-training days. Due to extreme potency, new users should assess tolerance with half a scoop.
Dust X isn’t just another pre-workout; it’s the ultimate catalyst for those who demand extreme performance. Whether you’re lifting heavy or pushing through high-intensity cardio, Dust X ensures you never hit a wall.
Embrace the power of Dust X and turn every gym session into a test of your limits. Get ready to unleash the beast within!
Caffeine Dosages for Pre Workout Supplemens
| 150mg | 250mg | 350mg |
| Jack3D | Gorilla Mode | Edge of Insanity |
| Ultimate Orange | BZRK OverDrive | Dust X |
| Cardio Igniter | Godzilla | Dust Reloaded |
| Total War | ||
| Villain |
Caffeine Pre Workout Information and Reviews
Experience unparalleled focus and sustained energy, thanks to powerful ingredients like Yohimbine. Racer Ephedra offers the lowest price online with free shipping.
Best Creatine Pre Workout Gorilla Mode
The review is in Gorilla Mode is the Best Creatine Pre Workout. The game-changing supplement that will take your workouts to new heights. Designed for serious athletes and fitness enthusiasts, Gorilla Mode is packed with powerful ingredients and formulated to deliver unrivaled energy, focus, and endurance. Let’s dive into what makes Gorilla Mode the ultimate pre-workout choice.
- Creatine Monohydrate Dosage 2,500mg
Gorilla Mode is a high-performance pre-workout supplement that maximizes athletic performance and amplifies results in the gym. With its potent blend of ingredients at maximum efficacious dosages, this flagship product is specifically crafted for individuals who are committed to reaching their fitness goals and pushing their limits.
Experience Enhanced Energy Levels: Gorilla Mode provides a powerful kick-start to your workout with key ingredients like caffeine and beta-alanine. Say goodbye to lackluster workouts as you power through even the most intense training sessions.
Achieve Increased Focus and Mental Clarity: Unlock your mental potential with Gorilla Mode’s cognitive-enhancing ingredients like L-Tyrosine and DMAE Bitartrate. Sharpen your focus, improve concentration, and elevate your overall mental performance during workouts.
Enjoy Improved Endurance and Stamina: Gorilla Mode includes Citrulline Malate and Betaine Anhydrous, known for their ability to increase muscular endurance and reduce fatigue. Train harder and longer, surpassing your previous limits and achieving new personal bests.
Experience Enhanced Muscle Pumps: Muscle pumps are not only aesthetically pleasing but also crucial for muscle growth. Gorilla Mode contains ingredients like L-Citrulline and Nitrosigine, promoting increased blood flow and vasodilation for intense and long-lasting muscle pumps. Feel the satisfaction in the gym while supporting muscle growth and recovery.
Unleash Your Performance and Strength: Gorilla Mode unlocks your true potential with ingredients like Creatine Monohydrate and Beta-Alanine. Experience enhanced strength and power output, enabling you to lift heavier weights and perform at your absolute best.
Gorilla Mode’s carefully selected blend of scientifically backed ingredients works synergistically to deliver unparalleled performance. With Gorilla Mode, you have everything you need to reach new heights in your fitness journey.
Get ready to dominate your workouts with Gorilla Mode Best Creatine Pre Workout. Unleash your inner beast today!
More Pre-Workout Supplements that Contain Creatine
Creatine News and Reviews
This naturally occurring amino acid enhances muscle energy production during intense workouts. With more ATP available, you’ll have the power to push harder and achieve new heights in your training.
Science Behind Pre-Workout Supplements (Clinical Trial)
Boost your performance and maximize your fitness gains with Multi-ingredient Pre-Workout Supplementation. Designed to enhance your exercise routine, this double-blind study has shown that MIPS can significantly improve energy system contribution and increase performance during high-intensity intermittent exercise.
When it comes to achieving optimal results, nutritional ergogenic aids play a crucial role. MIPS has been specially formulated to provide you with the edge you need to push yourself further. By targeting the oxidative, glycolytic, and ATP-CP energy systems, the supplement helps you perform at your best and achieve greater fitness gains.
During the study, twelve physically active individuals completed high-intensity interval exercise sessions. The results were impressive. Participants who consumed the MIPS showed a significant increase in the number of efforts performed and time to exhaustion compared to those who took a placebo. This means you can go harder and longer, pushing your limits and achieving new milestones in your fitness journey.
What sets the MIPS apart is its ability to enhance both aerobic and anaerobic alactic energy contribution. This means that it not only boosts your endurance but also supports explosive power and strength. With the MIPS, you’ll experience improved performance across a range of exercises, whether you’re running, lifting weights, or engaging in any other high-intensity activities.
Don’t let fatigue hold you back from reaching your goals. MIPS helps delay the onset of fatigue, allowing you to train harder for longer periods of time. By increasing the absolute oxidative energy system contribution by 23.8% and the ATP-CP contribution by 28.4%, our supplement ensures that you have the fuel you need to keep going strong.
Take your workouts to the next level with Multi-ingredient Pre-Workout Supplementation. Experience the difference in your performance and make every workout count.
Pre-Workout Science News and Reviews
Within an hour, you’ll experience a surge of energy, focus, and athletic performance support. Formulated to be taken 20-30 minutes before exercise, it primes your body for optimal performance.
Discover the truth about their shelf life, potential risks of consuming expired products, and how to determine if your pre workout supplement is still good.
Pre-Workouts for Female Athletes Clinical Trial
Looking for a pre-workout supplement that can take your exercise performance to the next level? Look no further than multi-ingredient pre-workout supplement on resting energy expenditure and exercise performance in recreationally active females. Designed specifically for women athletes and fitness enthusiasts, this revolutionary supplement is backed by scientific research to help you achieve your fitness goals.
This pre-workout supplement enhances aerobic capacity, protects lean muscle, and provides sustained energy. Unleash peak performance with every scoop. Experience the power of Cardio Igniter today!
This multi-ingredient pre-workout supplement (MIPS) has been carefully formulated to enhance your resting metabolism and boost exercise performance. In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, fifteen recreationally active females experienced the incredible benefits of this supplement. After ingesting the MIPS, participants saw significant improvements in resting energy expenditure (REE) and diastolic blood pressure.
But that’s not all – the MIPS also had a positive impact on exercise performance. Participants who took the MIPS achieved a greater number of bench press repetitions to failure and completed more work during a treadmill test compared to those who took the placebo. Additionally, this supplement improved upper body muscular endurance and anaerobic capacity, giving you the extra strength and power you need to push through intense workouts.
Not only does this supplement enhance physical performance, but it also improves mental focus. Participants reported improved feelings of focus after taking the MIPS, allowing them to stay in the zone and perform at their best during high-intensity exercise.
The acute effects of a multi-ingredient pre-workout supplement on resting energy expenditure and exercise performance is the ultimate companion for female athletes who want to maximize their potential. Don’t let your workouts plateau – give yourself the competitive edge with this scientifically-backed supplement.
References
Harty, P.S., Zabriskie, H.A., Erickson, J.L. et al. Multi-ingredient pre-workout supplements, safety implications, and performance outcomes: a brief review. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 15, 41 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12970-018-0247-6
Jagim, Andrew R., Patrick S. Harty, and Clayton L. Camic. 2019. “Common Ingredient Profiles of Multi-Ingredient Pre-Workout Supplements” Nutrients 11, no. 2: 254. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11020254
Amphetamine-like compounds in pre-workout supplements https://pure.bond.edu.au/ws/portalfiles/portal/36125386/Andy_Koh_Thesis.pdf
Smith, A.E., Fukuda, D.H., Kendall, K.L. et al. The effects of a pre-workout supplement containing caffeine, creatine, and amino acids during three weeks of high-intensity exercise on aerobic and anaerobic performance. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 7, 10 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1186/1550-2783-7-10
Figueiredo, C., Lira, F. S., Rossi, F. E., Billaut, F., Loschi, R., & Padilha, C. S. (2020). Multi-ingredient pre-workout supplementation changes energy system contribution and improves performance during high-intensity intermittent exercise in physically active individuals: a double-blind and placebo controlled study. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 17(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12970-020-00357-6
Cameron, M., Camic, C.L., Doberstein, S. et al. The acute effects of a multi-ingredient pre-workout supplement on resting energy expenditure and exercise performance in recreationally active females. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 15, 1 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12970-017-0206-7
